I would like to see detailed information on the history of yum transactions such as updates, deleted packages, and other information. How do I see history of yum commands on CentOS / RHEL 6.x based server? How do I undo or redo or rollback packages using yum command?
The yum command has history option on the latest version of CentOS / RHEL v6.x+. To database are normally found in /var/lib/yum/history/ directory. The history option was added at the end of 2009 (or thereabouts) to yum command. The history command allows an admin to access detailed information on the history of yum transactions that have been run on a system. You can see what has happened in past transactions (assuming the history_record config. option is set). You can use various command line options to view what happened, undo/redo/rollback to act on that information and start a new history file.
Prerequisite
You need yum version 3.2.xx or CentOS/RHEL 6.x. Verify this with the following command:
# yum info yum | grep --color Version
Sample outputs from CentOS v6.5:
Version : 3.2.29
yum history command syntax
The basic syntax is:
yum history
yum history command #ID
yum history [options]
history [info|list|packages-list|summary|addon-info|redo|undo|rollback|new]
Examples
First, verify that history has been configured for yum command.
# ls -l /var/lib/yum/history/
Sample outputs:
total 1036
drwxr-xr-x. 30 root root 4096 Dec 9 11:40 2012-11-08
-rw-------. 1 root root 1050624 Dec 9 11:40 history-2012-11-08.sqlite
List your history
Type the following command:
# yum history
OR
# yum history list
Sample outputs:
![clip_image001[4]](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiT67oWl9qD4ECfsFKRWEV7vto9_glVFwHOsAeFEShc-jvmozuDoN6LfN6VY_Vzf9ynGHqeWMvGgkDhEj-gobMh49LH9h6KkQF3GQN4CDGoHo00gjNhUxedrbxyKEVyL7R8ZYeoLYEILPs/s1600-h/clip_image001%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg "clip_image001[4]")
Fig.01: yum history in action
Where,
ID - Transaction number.
Login user - The name of the user whose login session was used to initiate a yum.
Date and time - The date and time when a transaction was issued by yum.
Action(s) - A list of actions that were performed during a transaction as follows:
D or Downgrade - Package has been downgraded to an older version.
E or Erase - Package has been removed.
I or Install - New package has been installed.
O or Obsoleting - Package has been marked as obsolete.
R or Reinstall - Package has been reinstalled.
U or Update - Package has been updated to a newer version.
Altered — The number of packages that were affected by a yum, as follows:
*lt; - Before the transaction finished, the rpmdb database was changed outside yum.
> - After the transaction finished, the rpmdb database was changed outside yum.
* - The transaction failed to finish.
# - The transaction finished successfully, but yum returned a non-zero exit code.
E - The transaction finished successfully, but an error or a warning was displayed.
P - The transaction finished successfully, but problems already existed in the rpmdb database.
s - The transaction finished successfully, but the --skip-broken command line option was used and certain packages were skipped.
To see all transactions, pass the add option as follows:
# yum history list all
You can list only one transactions or transactions in a given range:
# yum history list 7
# yum history list 1..3
Sample outputs:
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 | 106300 | 2013-08-12 15:14 | Update | 1
2 | 88177 | 2012-11-09 14:24 | Install | 2
1 | System | 2012-11-08 19:19 | Install | 380
history list
List summary of all all past transactions
The syntax is:
# yum history summary
# yum history summary 3
# yum history summary 1..3
Sample outputs:
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
Login user | Time | Action(s) | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<vivek> | Last day | Install | 1
<vivek> | Last week | E, I | 3
root <root> | Last week | Update | 1
<vivek> | Last 2 weeks | I, U | 139
<vivek> | Last 3 months | Update | 1
root <root> | Last 3 months | I, O, U | 284
106300 | Last 6 months | I, U | 6
88177 | Over a year ago | Install | 2
System <unset> | Over a year ago | Install | 380
history summary
Find out history of a package called nginx
The basic syntax is:
# yum history list PackageNameHere
# yum history list nginx
Sample outputs:
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
28 | <vivek> | 2013-12-09 11:40 | Install | 1 EE
history list
You can also see complete history as follows for mysql package including version number, run:
# yum history package-list mysql
Sample outputs:
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
ID | Action(s) | Package
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
26 | Install | mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
25 | Erase | mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 EE
24 | Install | mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
history package-list
Now, use ID #24 to get detailed information on mysql package:
# yum history info 24
Sample outputs:
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
Transaction ID : 24
Begin time : Mon Dec 2 11:35:59 2013
Begin rpmdb : 401:d28899f68a6631be573730605bd4825fe661fcce
End time : 11:36:03 2013 (4 seconds)
End rpmdb : 405:47873bf26c150bf0a26279da5c62d4ae4b1c227d
User : <vivek>
Return-Code : Success
Command Line : install mysql-server mysql
Transaction performed with:
Installed rpm-4.8.0-37.el6.x86_64 @base
Installed yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch @base
Installed yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch @base
Packages Altered:
Install mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 @base
Install mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64 @base
Dep-Install perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64 @base
history info
To find out what additional information is available for a certain transaction:
# yum history addon-info id
# yum history addon-info 24
To just get info on last transaction:
# yum history addon-info last
How do I undo / revert transactions?
Say, you deleted the nginx package using yum command:
# yum erase ngnix
Now, use yum history command to review the transaction history, the yum history command provides means to revert or repeat a selected transaction. To revert (undo) a transaction, type the following at a shell prompt as root:
# yum history undo id
To undo nginx erase action, type:
# yum history
# yum history package-list nginx
Sample outputs:
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
ID | Action(s) | Package
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29 | Erase | nginx-1.4.4-1.el6.ngx.x86_64
28 | Install | nginx-1.4.4-1.el6.ngx.x86_64 EE
history package-list
To undo use ID # 29:
# yum history undo 29
Verify that nginx has been installed again:
# yum history package-list nginx
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
ID | Action(s) | Package
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
30 | Install | nginx-1.4.4-1.el6.ngx.x86_64 EE
29 | Erase | nginx-1.4.4-1.el6.ngx.x86_64
28 | Install | nginx-1.4.4-1.el6.ngx.x86_64 EE
history package-list
How do I redo / repeat transactions?
To repeat a particular transaction, run:
# yum history redo id
The yum history rollback option
The syntax is:
# yum history rollback id
The rollback command will undo all transactions up to the point of the specified transaction. For example, if you have 3 transactions, where package A; B and C where installed respectively. Then "yum history undo 1" will try to remove package A, "yum history redo 1" will try to install package A (if it is not still installed), and "yum history rollback 1" will try to remove packages B and C.
The yum new option
As described above, the yum command stores the transaction history in a single SQLite database file in /var/lib/yum/history/ directory. To start new transaction history, run the following command:
# yum history new
Verify with the following command:
# yum history
I strongly suggest that you read yum command man page for more information
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